Tuesday, April 30, 2019

On Schizophrenia and Beautiful Mind Movie Review

On Schizophrenia and Beautiful Mind - Movie look backward ExampleOne example of this destruction is that of the birth of his first child, he be lets so paranoid that he presents a real threat to his wife and the child. Eventually his marriage ends in divorce, but later, when he begins to come to terms with his disease, he and his wife are reunited.However, unlike, the 1950s, when Nash became ill, today, medical science has made it possible for this genetic illness to be controlled in some cases such as Nashs without medication. Two eventors help to make this possible. The first is the fact that if the affected individual receives medical help early enough, including cognitive therapy, he or she has a die chance of overcoming the disease. The movie is truthful in showing how, after Nashs acceptance of his illness, he is able to deal that the voices are not real and to quit letting them run his life. The second is the fact that has cause unadorned to scientists that the disease of paranoid schizophrenia improves in latter life. This is even truer if the afflicted has been treated early on.In the respect of normalcy, the movie presents a distorted view of Nashs life regarding his compensation for the disease in maturity. eyepatch he did go on to achieve greatness as a mathematician, there are scientists who accept that this was not in spite of his illness, but because of it. Nash believed this himself as he stated in a radiocommunication broadcast in which he was interviewed. (1) (All things Considered) Otherwise, according to him, he may have accepted mediocrity-instead, in 1994 he was awarded the Nobel Prize However, the movie did portray the world of schizophrenic hallucinations such as hearing voices and/or these voices appear to talk back to the individual voices talking out loud among themselves hallucinations which cause the interruption in the persons thoughts impression in scattered speech, and paranoid hallucinations causing false perceptions about other people, including perceptions that cause the afflicted to become violent or fear violence from others. The onslaught of paranoid schizophrenia normally begins between the ages of 15 and 34 with a preoccupation with one or more systematized delusions or with frequent auditory hallucinations tie in to a single theme. In addition to suffering from hallucinations and the presence of voices, the person affected usually suffers delusions of grandeurThe briny course of treatment for the disease is the use of medicines which arecommonly called atypical antipsychoticCompared to the of age(p) convention antipsychotic drugs such as Chlorpromazine (Thorzaine), fluphenazine (Prolixin), haloperidol (Haldo), thiothixene (Navane), and others, these drugs have fewer severe side effects. They are equally effective as the older drugs for helping reduce the positive symptoms like hallucinations and delusions, but may be better than the older medications at relieving the negative symptom s of the illness, such as withdrawal, thinking problems, and lack of energy. The atypical antipsychotic drugs include aripiprazole (Abilify), risperidone (Risperdal), clozapine (Clozanl), olanzapine (Zyprexa), quetiapine

Monday, April 29, 2019

Magnesium analytical methods Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 6250 words

milligram analytical methods - Essay ExampleMagnesium is an important segment in medicine, industry, consumer products and biology.Understanding the analytical methods for interpreting milligram levels is crucial to chemical analysis across a diverse range of scientific and industrial endeavors. In order to better understand magnesium and its interactions, it is important to examine fundamental of the portion that have been antecedently pioneered. This knowledge sets the stage for application of contemporary techniques to produce new and exciting results in magnesium analysis. The element Magnesium has the chemical symbol Mg, as come forwards on the periodic table. The atomic number for the element is 12 and the average atomic mass of its isotopes is 24.3050. It is a group IIA element (Group 2) also referred to as the alkali hide metals. The most common of course occurring isotopes, or those that are stable under standard conditions are the leash stable isotopes, 24Mg, 25Mg , and 26Mg, although nineteen radioisotopes that range from 19Mg to 40Mg have been isolated however, these unstable isotopes commonly decay to atoms of sodium or aluminum depending on their weight and composition 2. Of the stable isotopes 24Mg is the most abundant, accounting for approximately 79% of soils magnesium 5. The most common oxidation state for magnesium is the state that corresponds with its noble gun for hire valence configuration, Mg2+, a state which is responsible for the majority of immixs formed by magnesium 2. Compounds may appear with oxidation numbers as small as zero in some cases, however, as magnesium is found in a great diversity of naturally occurring compounds. Magnesium commonly forms chlorides (MgCl2), oxides (MgO), and hydrides (MgH2) 5. Because of its historical relevance, it is no surprise that magnesium compounds were studied as early as the 1700s, when the physician and chemist Joseph Black, who is sometimes attribute with the discovery of magnesi um, reported initial research on magnesium compounds. This pioneer work paved the sort for the acceptance of magnesium as an element, though it was nearly half a century later when sodding(a) magnesium metal was able to be first produced, partially due to the strong binding of magnesium to other elements in compounds 5. The English chemist Humphry Davy first prepared pure magnesium by development a system to pass an electric current through molten magnesium oxide (MgO), causing the compound to decompose into its component elements magnesium and oxygen gas as follows 1.2 Abundance and Common Compounds Magnesium is the one-eighth most abundant element on the earth, appearing in the earths crust, surface minerals, and saltwater predominantly. The name magnesium dates back centuries. In fact, due to the wide-ranging occurrence of magnesium in geological samples, the name was selected in honor of a region in Greece know as Magnesia which contains large supplies of magnesium compoun ds 5. The element magnesium forms 2.3 percent by weight, 2.0 percent by molar fraction, and 0.3 percent by volume of the earths crust. Additionally the element commonly is found in seawater and smasher water 1. Several well known magnesium materials that occur in the earth have been known for centuries. One such material is calcium magnesium carbonate, or dolomite, which has the formula CaMg(CO3)2, which is used as a building material 5. Another example is magnesium sulfate, or Epsom salts, which have the formula MgSO4. Epsom salts occur naturally and are used in cosmetics and bath products. Magnesium is also estimated to be a common element throughout our solar system, estimated to contain seven hundred parts per million by weight and 30 parts per million by moles magnesium 5. Magnesium ions have been role to play important biological roles in nucleic acid biochemistry, enzyme activation, and many other biological systems 3. In recent years increasing furiousness has been places on the

Sunday, April 28, 2019

An Appraisal of Martin Parr's 'Think of England' Publication Essay

An Appraisal of Martin Parrs Think of England Publication - experiment ExampleResidents and workers in the areas surrounding the Chernobyl Power Plant were exposed to radiation levels one hundred multiplication higher than the Hiroshima Bomb. At the publication date of Legacy, and lull today in 2009, Chernobyls menacing results are still very evident. Darwells photographs ultimately offer a thoughtful and skilled presentation of a series of polarities the macroscopical effects of the invisible radiation the simultaneous presence and absence of humanity the past and the future of the Chernobyl area. It go out be thousands of years before the decaying isotopes will allow safe habitation.The inside cover of Legacy is make up of dark grey letters on light grey paper with an alphabetic administer of words, such as Atom Bomb, Beryllium, Black Rain, Cancer, and Chernobyl (depicted in white). The list ends with the words The Nuclear Age, also in white. Darwells choice of colors, or bett er yet, lack of color, allows the important words to jump off the paginate as the reader opens the book. Turning the page, the end paper reads LEGACY - photographs inside the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone, and offer a kind of warning or foreshadowing of what is to come in the following pages. This definitely sets a note of hand for the book, and creates a mood before the pictorial tour begins.Elegantly stretching its metal spires up to the sky, the Chernobyl Power Plant towers appear graceful and architectural, like latticed works of sculpture. Set against a purplish sky, its black silhouette resembles the framework of an erecting cathedral. During the race to harness nuclear energy, these towers were considered to be visions of progress and hope for the future. Darwells photographic distance from the subject succeeds in juxtaposing its skeletal beauty against its cataclysmic destructive force. How dry that a structure that caused so much death and

Saturday, April 27, 2019

Investment plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Investment plan - strain ExampleThere is usually a stated economic value on each roue award called the com scoreability value. However, some stocks have no-par value. The total par value is the government issue of shares issued multiplied by the par value of each share and is sometimes referred to as the dedicated capital of a corporation. Shares of common stock are the fundamental ownership units of the corporation. The articles of incorporation of a new corporation must state the number of shares of common stock the corporation is authorised to issue. The board of directors of the corporation, after a suffrage of the shareholders, can cleanse the articles of incorporation to increase the number of shares authorised there is no limit to the number of shares that can be authorised. There is no requirement that all of the authorised shares actually be issued. Although there are no legal limits to authorising shares of stock, some practical considerations may exist. Authorising a large number of shares may create fill on the part of the investors, because authorised shares can be issued later with the approval of the board of directors but without a vote of the shareholders. Capital surplus usually refers to amounts of directly contributed equity capital in excess of the par value. The sum of the par value, capital surplus, and accumulated retained earnings is the common equity of the firm, which is usually referred to as the firms book value. The book value represents the amount contributed directly and indirectly to the corporation by equity investors. The abstract structure of the corporation assumes that shareholders elect directors who in turn elect corporate officers-more superior generally, the management-to carry out their directives. It is the the right way to elect the directors of the corporation by vote that constitutes the most important control device of shareholders. Directors are select each year at an annual confrontation by a vote of the holders of a absolute majority of share who are present and entitled to vote. A proxy is the legal grant of authority by a shareholder to someone else to vote his or her shares. For convenience, the actual voting in large creation corporations usually is done by proxy. Many companies have hundreds of thousands of shareholders. Shareholders can come to the annual meeting and vote in person, or they can transfer their right to vote to another party by proxy. The value of a share of common stock in a corporation is directly related to the general rights of shareholders. In addition to the right to vote for directors, shareholders usually have the following rights (1) the right to share pro rata in dividends remunerative (2) the right to share proportionally in assets remaining after liabilities have been paying in a liquidation (3) the right to vote on matters of great importance to stockholders, such as a merger, usually decided at the annual meeting or a special meeting (4) t he right to share proportionally in any new stock sold (Ross, Westerfield, and Jaffe, 1996, p. 365-369). A distinctive feature of corporations is that they issue share of stock and are authorised by law to pay dividends to the holders of those shares. Dividends paid to shareholders represent a return on the capital directly or indirectly contributed to the corporation by the shareholders. The payment of dividends is at the discretion of the board of directors. Here are

Friday, April 26, 2019

Climate change and hydraulic impacts on water networks supply Literature review

Climate variety show and hydraulic impacts on water networks supply - Literature review Example13 3. Conclusion 14 References 15 1. Introduction One of the most important characteristics of last decade is the increase of extreme mode phenomena worldwide. These phenomena have been related to significant climate change, compared to the past. The research that has been developed in this field has led to the assertion that climate change has been resulted mostly due to the following three reasons a) the changes in solars radiation, b) the changes in the structure of atmosphere and c) the changes in the earths surface (Ahrens 2007, p.438). Certain events, much(prenominal) as the architectonic activity (Rafferty 2011, p.179) have been also related to the current expansion of climate change. In addition, it has been proved that the insufficiency of control in regard to climate change can lead to non-reversible problems, such as world(a) warming (Maslin 2007, p.17). One of the most imp ortant aspects of climate change seems to be its potential impact on water networks supply. The specific issue is explored below using appropriate literature. The findings of empirical research and data produce by governmental and non-governmental organizations have been also employed for offering an in-depth analysis in regard to this aims subject. 2. ... There are several factors that are related to climate change. In a memorise developed by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate swap (2007) it is made clear that the relationship among climate and specific events has not fully explored. For this reason, when trying to evaluate climate change it is necessary to discover to appropriate parameters (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change 2007, p.718). In any case, evaluating climate changes can be a challenging task since climate conditions are not standardized (Intergovernmental Panel of Climate Change 2007, p.718). In terms of their context, the parameters of climate change can be highly differentiated. In fact, it seems that each clip that climate changes need to be assessed the parameters used need to vary according to the characteristics of the region, as of its geography, and the information lendable (Van Dam 2003, p.111). Of course, there are certain parameters that are necessarily used when evaluating climate changes worldwide. The level of carbonic acid gas emissions or the annual average volume of waste can be considered as indicative parameters of such type (Van Dam 2003, p.111). It should be noted that climate change is usually evaluated using appropriate models. The parameters on which these models are based can be different according to the structure of each model as related to its aims. For example, there are models that require the use of current climate conditions for predicting future climate conditions (Mirza and Ahmad 2005, p.32). another(prenominal) models can employ different parameters, including the characteristics of a region s soil, such as soil structure or soil moisture (Mirza and Ahmad 2005, p.32). Solar radiation, in regard to a particular

Margaret Atwood's Death by Landscape Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Margaret Atwoods last by Landscape - Essay simulationThe dexterity with which she handled her public and private life is also included in the bulk. It further gives a wondrous commentary of all the published take ons of the precedent. The author compares her personality with the fictional heroines in her works. The book is both for general and specialized readership. This biography examines the authors growth in the evolution of the Canadian gloss and literature.Margaret Atwoods Power Mirrors, Reflections, and Images in Select Fiction and Poetry is a unique depth psychology of Atwoods works. The book presents the author as the most accomplished poet and novelist. This is a wonderful feminist analysis in which the author provides a psychoanalytic overview of Margaret Atwoods portrayal of women and power. The book gives new insights to the far-famed authors work and her popularity as a writer.The book presents Margaret Atwood as the most productive and versatile authors of her period. She is considered as the most enrapturing writer who produces groovy works in any genre she chooses. This book appeared during the sixtieth birthday of the great author. The book examines the works of the author and reviews it. The book gives a great introduction to the works of Atwood, including her work Death by Landscape. Atwoods novels, short stories, poetries and other works are surveyed in the book. The crucial approaches to Atwoods works from the angle of mythology, literary criticism and cultural criticism and other topics are presented in the book.In this book the author gives a beautiful overview of the celebrated works of Atwood including Death by Landscape. The analysis focuses on her major themes. The book is thoroughly researched, giving a great analysis of the works of the famous author. The book examines nine novels of the author in groups of threes. The book highlights the interconnecting themes in the works. The themes include presentation of women as

Thursday, April 25, 2019

Race & television Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Race & television system - Essay exerciseRacism is tagged as humor to make it sound acceptable to the audience. Racial concepts are inculcated in our minds as a secondary outcome while the prime focus remains upon the comedy. On the some other hand, real life racial interactions are much more hostile and obviously offensive in nature. Real life racial interactions include frequent use of abusive language and bullying, that is either natural or verbal or both.The fictional views projected on TV assume great purpose to influence our personal interactions. Just as people can develop their views about others through dialogue and interaction with others in society, the same types of outcomes can emerge based simply on watching television (Mastro, Behm-Morawitz, and Kopacz, 2008). In my childhood, I tried to maintain distance from my blonde class fellows because they were stereotyped as fools in certain cartoon series. Nevertheless, over the time, I have become more critical in my a bbreviation of the validity of information provided about specific ethnicities and races on TV, which is why, I am not as influenced this instant as I used to be

Wednesday, April 24, 2019

Assessment within a Therapeutic Relationship Essay

Assessment inside a Therapeutic Relationship - Essay Example2011, p. S98) and anxiety disorders (Boschen, and Oei, 2008, p. 811). It serves as an integrated approach in the holistic care of a patient as it inculcates the biopsychosocial judgement of the client and the management plan designed (Williams, and Garlnad, 2002, p. 172).Assessment is usually the first stage prior to a counselling intervention on whatsoever patient. It is through assessment that valuable information about the patient is collected and facilitates in intention action plans for the patient. Farrington, & Telford, (1996, p. 77) defines an assessment style as involving scanning of the available information about a client, selecting the necessity and appropriate information for the case, and selecting the interventions to implement. CBT assessment is aimed at formulating problems that the patient may be going through. It involves linking the feelings, thoughts and behaviours of the patient into a congruent ex planation. The counsellor during the assessment reviews the ongoing history of the patient to determine the possible trigger to the current psychological state. Thereafter, an assessment of the personal history of the patient is conducted to determine predisposing factors to the patient that upon assessment may aid in diagnosing the patient (Marshall, & Turnbull, 1996, p. 31).CBT assessment approach is aimed at assessing the cognitive and behavioural patterns in the feeling of the client and tailoring therapies that address these inadequacies. As pertains to the cognitive, these are the thought and thinking processes of a patient that proceed hyperbolic following a psychiatric disorder and the patient has no control over the interest thoughts. Cognitive assessment is aimed at aiding the patient to deal positively with the thoughts (Williams, et al. 1997, p. 72). Behavioral assessment is aimed at determination the change in behaviour patterns of the client that alter the effecti ve performance of activities of daily living This assessment develops a 5 figure

Tuesday, April 23, 2019

Advanced Persistent Threats Against RSA Tokens Case Study

Advanced unflinching Threats Against RSA Tokens - Case Study ExampleLikewise, in the entire hoax, there was a requirement of evaluating homeland auspices that also pertains to Information technology infrastructure. The Information technology infrastructure was not the only consideration, as these attacks touch on vulnerabilities pertaining to federal randomness governing bodys and any organization that acquires information systems. However, there were several laws that were passed in the congress by and by September 11 terrorist attacks. In the process, a series of homeland security presidential directives were issued for sustaining domestic security. However, on the other hand, despite an economic turmoil from September 11 attacks, the aviation industry continues to grow at a rapid grounds and is considered as a fundamental transformation. Moreover, there is also a epoch-making change for managing air traffic via net-centric approach. The acquisition of this change will repl ace the traditional approach for arbitrary air traffic that is constructed on Information technology solutions. By focusing on security, there is a significant increase in utilizing computerized systems onboard of an air carrier. Likewise, these systems make haste high airborne and internally located system connectivity, operational and maintenance requirements. Moreover, the net-centric ATM connectivity raises concerns for cyber security threats and vulnerabilities. Propagation threats are critical because it is capable of rapidly broadcast medium traffic on the Internet along with bypassing intrusion detection systems. Likewise, for augmenting the primary phase of work propagation, it uses a hit list comprising of overflowed users i.e. users consuming heavy bandwidth. By identifying users, worm spreads itself at a rapid pace when compared to traditional spreading worms. Moreover, this type of attack saves a considerable amount of scanning time by only attacking a visible target . In the context of any cyber threat to an airport, the airport cannot be the primary target, as the Spanair flight JK5022 crash was successful by one of the contributions from a Malware. Vulnerabilities Existed in the strategy / Attack Methods Computer network intrusions are becoming very sophisticated and advanced and they have enforce a challenge for modern computer network based organizations. Likewise, a new class of challengers called instantly as Advanced Persistent Threats (APT) demonstrates a well-planned and sponsored, highly skilled hackers targeting highly classified data for gaining free-enterprise(a) edge specifically in corporate businesses, law firms, military networks, national or international governance (Cole, 2012). Likewise, these highly skilled cyber criminals utilize sophisticated tools and methods that are constructed to disrupt computer network defense semantics without existence detected. As per Mr. Mike Cloppert, is a Co-Chair of the cyber threat int elligent summit says that the cyber threat intelligence can facilitate organizations to maintain an information classification and protection mechanism based on the priorities of these cyber criminals. As a result, the likelihood of success for these hackers will become low. Moreover, organizations can than plan accordingly for the targeted information and can counter these convoluted advanced persistent threats. Information security management team requires authentic and on time information for constantly monitoring new and potential threats and techniques. Likewise, exploiting the received information will improve a peppy defense posture of an organization. The number of RSA tokens implemented up till now exceeds 40 million and other 250 million are mobile software, as that leads the market for enabling

Monday, April 22, 2019

Summarizing Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Summarizing - Article ExampleThe article also deals with the motif of organization subsidies in funding research projects and comes up with the finding that government subsidies frequently harm the poor and the position classes more than than they help them. The practice of providing subsidies is more often than not, according to the writer, justified using the rhetoric of unemployment and the need to provide more work to American companies. This is not however, what the character Dave argues for. He looks at the negligible rest that a fall in demand in the American market would create in the conception market and puts into perspective the influence that tariffs imposed by the government could have on producing more jobs. He looks at the problems with introducing a tariff against distant-produced goods as Ed says (Protection). The idea of free trade that Dave argues for is more often than not refuted by proponents of government intervention citing the reason of fair trade. T his implies the ability of firms within a country to be protected against the onslaught of foreign companies that may have more money and top executive (Edge). However, providing subsidies may not push down the price of goods in the topical anaesthetic economy. They would not benefit the local anaesthetic consumer. Apart from this, at that place is also no data available to substantiate the argument that local businesses would be at an proceeds as their cost of production may still be higher than that of the foreign company. To increase the tariff to an extent where the foreign firms would not be able to compete would take jobs off from the American market rather than boost the economy. The difference in price would be transferred on to the local consumers. Dave also warns about the possibility of other countries imposing equally large taxes on American firms. This would adopt to greater problems in the long run for the American economy and its pile. There is also the possib ility of there being lobbies that affect the governments decisions. Much of the tariffs that are imposed on products are ground on the political power and influence that local firms have rather than the economic wisdom of the decision. The people who suffer amidst all of this are the taxpayers. The idea of free trade involves the assumption that what is required by a particular consumer would be provided by the market according to the laws of demand and supply (Rothbard Free Market). The idea of free trade is then in direct conflict with the ideas of protectionism which let certain elements have an advantage based on the support of the government. This is unsustainable in a free market in a globalized frame-up as it would lead to the change of problems that are detailed above. The existence of two systems in conflict with severally other can only prove to be disastrous in the long run. The adverse furbish up of such a policy can be seen in the economic slump that is experienced by Japan at this point of time (Rothbard Protectionism and the Destruction of Prosperity). The policies that are created according to such ideologies more often than not end up harming large sections of the taxpaying population in the country. The article illustrates the problems with the kind of funding that is provided by the government to private concerns. The essay suggests that they end up benefitting certain individuals while create greater harm to the middle classes. The money that they pay is used for such funding however, the benefits are reaped by the richest sections of

Sunday, April 21, 2019

16th Century Travel PowerPoint Presentation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

16th Century Travel - PowerPoint Presentation ExampleWith the domestication of animals that can bear populate on their backs, people found it much convenient and, during that time, more time efficient to ride animals to check where they were going than walk. Consequently, people started to journey using horses, donkeys, camels and even water buffalos. The distance did not matter although horses were more commonly use for long travels because of their speed.Land transportation soon saw another change. Mostly on horses, man decided to find a much easier way to bring their crops or goods. This brought about the exploitation of rough sledges and sleds on snow. The rolling drag was used for regular ground. Logs were placed under a computer programme so that the platform moved along whenever the logs rolled. Later on, the log was sliced and a hole was carve out from its center. This was the called the wheel.The use of the wheel make transportation even faster and more convenient. It also made traveling more comfortable. Even before the beginning of the modern era, the wheel had given rise to carts, chariots, wagons, carriages and coaches. Carriages came with quaternity wheels and a rounded top and were pulled by two or four horses. The decoration and the materials used in making the carriages defined what class of people used them.Even before domesticating animals, man had already true a way to move on water. The origin of the dugout boat is one of historys great mysteries. (The History) Later on, a piece of cloth was added to the boat and this was called a sail. In the 16th century, explorers and traders equivalent would spend a lot of time on the descendant of the simple boat. From the junks of the Chinese to the caravels of the Mediterranean and the caravels of the Europeans, men of the 16th century saw themselves moving across the seas aboard huge ships.The caravel was the most commonly used water vessel in the 16th century due to the fact that the buil t and strength met

Saturday, April 20, 2019

The effects of alcohol on metabolism of liver Lab Report

The effects of intoxicant on metabolism of liver - Lab Report exerciseThe primary metabolic highway of inebriant in the liver is by oxidation through the alcohol dehydrogenase pathway with the directant production of acetaldehyde. Redox homeostasis is compromised resulting in metabolic disorders like hyperuricemia, hyperlipemia and a turn off in HDL (High Density Lipoprotein) An increase in NADH levels consequent to oxidation promotes fatty acid discount with the resultant hepatic fat accumulation. Acetaldehyde produced itself has detrimental effects by decreasing the activity of samara enzymes and reducing oxygen utilization in mitochondria (2, 4).Experiments in rats and sub human primates suggest that degenerative alcohol exposure to the liver results in an increase in ethanol metabolism involving the alcohol dehydrogenase pathway resulting in increased oxygen uptake (3) and results in a fatty liver despite an adequate to(predicate) nutritional intake exclusively callable to the action of alcohol (5, 9). Synthesis of ATP is suppressed due to due to decrease in both mitochondrial as well as glycolytic activities as a result of oxygen deficiency (6).Cirrhosis is a common sequel to chronic alcohol exercise with teemingness of fibrous tissue in the liver, whose chief component is collagen indicating a direct effect of alcohol consumption on hepatic collagen metabolism. Increased synthesis of collagen triggered by the oxidation of alcohol in the hepatocytes which results in uplifted lactate concentration which enhances the activity of collagen proline hydroxylase enzyme. (7).Experimental and clinical studies over the last four decades have indicated the alcohol induced oxidative stress and the direct effects of acetaldehyde as the main culprits for liver disease (4). Strategies to counter them have been experimentally proven to reduce liver damage.1. Addolorato G., Capristoi E.,Greco A.V., Stefanini G.F.& Gasbarrini G., Inuence of chronic alcohol mist reat on body weight and energy metabolism is excess ethanol consumption a risk factor for obesity

A Reader's Response to Gilman's If I Were A Man in Gilman's Short Essay

A Readers Response to Gilmans If I Were A troops in Gilmans Short Story - Essay ExampleHowever, she in addition feels the animosities of men against women. She tries to defend womens abilities and sensibilities. Most especially, in the ending, Mollie questions how religion attacks women. I abide stir to Mollies feelings as man, where she awakens to the possibilities of being a human being who has rights and responsibilities. If I Were a Man is close to a woman who understands the beauty of being a man. I discombobulate not simply experienced what Mollie felt, because in my family, women argon respected as equals of men. Neverthe little, I know women who are toughened as chattel. It is the modern times, but some men can be so Neanderthal when it comes to their women. I know men like Gerald, who treat their wives shabbily, because they are women per se. In my experience, some women like Mollie get turned into men, because their men have been debilitated by disease or accidents . As a result, they have to be the breadwinners of their family. I understand how Mollie feels, because I have likewise heard virtually womens experiences in being figuratively a man and how they felt happier and stronger. As men, these women begin to understand the frivolities of women. Chrissie, a relative of ours, used to love buying the latest sortable attire, but when her husband becomes paralyzed, because of an accident, she works iii jobs to contribute ends meet. Talking with her no longer revolves around fashion, but around practical matters. Mollie sees hats as silly as a man does And all that money just for hats--idiotic, useless, ugly things (Gilman). Chrissie also finds fashion as fleeting and unessential to a womans essence. She also cuts her hair, which makes her manlier too, and yet in a vital sense, it has freed her. Chrissie says I cut my hair and I feel and think like a man. I feel so free to do everything I want. She states that she understand now that a woma ns place should never be in a home only, unless their husbands value their contribution and never make them worry about financial conditions. She is a classic example of a woman who has changed her perspective about being a woman. More importantly, these women-turned-man feel tired from each days work, but less stressed in short, they are happier because of the freedoms they have. Talking is a motif in the story. As people came and talked to Gerald, it stands for the policy-making and social empowerment of men. Men can easily interact with other men and talk about political and social issues anytime. They have a voice in society. Marie, a woman whose husband died because of lung cancer, also feels the same way. She says that before, she does not care about social and political affairs, but now she does. She says As a taxpayer, I deserve to know where my money goes. I realize how being a woman can limit their participation in the public space. Furthermore, Mollie reveals mans econom ic power and its mathematical function in their self-confidence she felt what she had never felt before in all her life--the possession of money, of her take in earned moneyhers (Gilman). This statement underscores how a woman feels to have money of her own. She does not have to beg, tease, or wheedle to have money given to them by their husbands. Bills suddenly do not have to be something to be stressed of, but something that can be rid of through hard work and perseverance. These women are stronger, because they have acquired a man

Friday, April 19, 2019

Visual Literacy in Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 4

Visual Literacy in Business - audition ExampleThe primary purpose of this literature is to win the interest of people to buy this idea or influence them to watch the whole scene (Lopate, 2006). For instance, the trailer for the movie That Sugar is to motivate to try to crawl in the contents in the documentary in detail. That will enable viewer make a legitimate decision as far as sugar concerned. The motion pictures are more influential as compared to images and still photos in that the motion pictures show the exact flow of the movie thence bringing go forth the theme in the movie apparently. Therefore, motion pictures are more convincing because they bring a accredited life scenario.However, the motion picture is the ones that can effectively communicate the flow of the movie as intumesce as the themes in the film. Moreover, motion pictures will aid in quick introduction of the main characters to the viewer, thus generating a desire to watch the entire film. Finally, the tr ainer also enables an individual to know what kind of movie to watch. That is the trailer will communicate to the viewer the whole about of the movie thus avoiding at an primeval stage or redevelops the desire to watch it. Therefore, the trailer is an advertising tool that producers use to catch the tending and desire of the viewers to the

Thursday, April 18, 2019

Workplace Violence in Health Institutions Term Paper

Workplace Violence in Health Institutions - Term Paper ExampleThese guidelines include recommendations for recognizing put on the line factors, management commitment and employee involvement, work internet site analysis, hazard prevention and control, and safety and health training. Violence against Health Workers The levels of violence against health care staff squander become a concern in recent years. More and more health care staffs face the panorama of violence and aggression in the oeuvre, not only from the people they care for, but from strangers and families. Although there is a high risk of work place violence across all healthcare occupations, most indicators kindle that it is the nursing profession that is most at risk, followed closely by ambulance and medical staff. (Linsley, 2006, pgs. 7-8) nurses are especially under attack(predicate) to violence in high risk areas of practice such as the emergency department and psychatric settings (Dempski & Westrick, 2008, p g. 237) This theme seeks to addreses the spectrum of violent behaviors in health care, including violence directed horizontally or vertically between healthcare providers or violence focused on nurses from patients, families, and visitors. In addition, it will give a brief interpretation of the types of violence experienced by nurses at their place of work, the risk factors, the various ways through which workplace violence affects the workers as well as the steps and measures which can be undertaken to reduce the impact and effect of workplace violence or minimize their chances of occurence and reoccurance. Types of Violence in Healthcare Settings Healthcare and social serve well workers for many years have confronted significant risks of job-related violence. Assaults in detail represent serious safety threats and health hazards for this field, and violence against... Healthcare and social service workers for many years have confronted significant risks of job-related violenc e. Assaults in particular represent serious safety threats and health hazards for this field, and violence against their workers increasingly continues to manifest. Healthcare settings are at risk for a variety of violent behaviours. Violence may be manifested as verbal abuse, sexual harassment, racial harassment, bullying, property damage, threats, murder, and physical assault. In 2000, almost half of all nonfatal injuries from violent acts against workers occurred in the healthcare sector. These injuries include, bruises, lacerations, broken bones, and head injuries. There are also other springs of violence such as asquint and horizontal violence which frequently occur in healthcare agencies. Lateral violence is a form of bullying, nurse to nurse, and is usually directed toward nursing staff perceived as less powerful. This includes bullying which encompasses attack behaviours which include being harassed, tormented, ignored, sabotaged, put down, and insulted among others. This form of violence is tolerated because many nurses experience it as a religious rite of passage and regard it as normal.Risk Factors. Health care providers, especially so, nurses deal with a greater than to begin with risk of work-related physical attack. A number of factors have been identified as causal factors, while they do not cause violence directly, they have an impact on it and can enhance its effects.

Wednesday, April 17, 2019

Discrimination in the workforce Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Discrimination in the manpower - Essay Example35). In education, dissemination affects not only the staff, but also teacher-student relations and interaction. Dissemination can take the piddle of iintentionally harmful actions or prescribed action which limit equal opportunities or humiliate an employee. Also, Elkins (1963) and Sowell (1971) suppose that dissimilitude was influenced by the period of slavery and racial inequalities (Taylor 1998). Barbara Bergmann (1974) argues that dissemination is a result of the market structure which consists of sure-handed and non-skilled workforce. Unskilled and low- salaried workforce is usually presented by black and minority employees (Taylor 1998). Discrimination and an increase in out-migration of whites from neighborhoods as larger numbers of blacks arrive are the major explanations for black-white segregation. Prejudices and discrimination is due to mis understandings about the consequence of a biological sense of race and racist idea s transmitted across generations and based on lower biological quality of African populations. The important cause of segregation and racism is the ethnical superiority of whites based on their cultural heritage and absence of white slavery. Most Africa-Americans are seen as lower class people in contras to selected class of whites (Harvey and Allard 2004).Discrimination in the workplace has deep roots. Dissemination by race was eliminated in 1863 by 13th Amendment which made slavery illegal. In 1868, 14th Amendment announced equal hold dearion of all citizens in all states. During the first half of the XX century, black people and racial minorities experienced discriminated in payment and work conditions they were deprived a chance to receive good education and compete with white majority (Harvey and Allard 2004). Till the middle of the XX century, women occupied clerical jobs and were not promoted to administrative positions. Actions against discrimination go bum to 1941 whe n F. Roosevelt encouraged minority employment by ordering defence contractors to cease discriminatory hiring (Yates, n.d.). Further, the policy of anti-discrimination was demonstrable by Lyndon Johnson in 1965 when he put teeth into minority hiring rules for government contractors (Yates, n.d.). The next amendments took place under the presidency of J. Kennedy who introduced Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) establishing to investigate contractors practices, impose sanctions, collect employment statistics, and warrant compliance with government regulations (Yates, n.d.). Pre-war period (immigration act was introduced in 1924) was marked by racial prejudices and stereotyping against Asian Americans. The main areas of discrimination were family, religion, criminal justice, education and job opportunities. WWII - 1965 marked a new stage in workforce relations. During this period of time, many low class people entered educational established and found high paid jobs. In r esponse to the growing demand for equal rights, Congress enacted major pieces of modern civil rights rule during the 1960s that have taken the country an enormous step closer to realizing the promises of the first Reconstruction. These modern statutes, protect racial minorities against most forms of public and private discrimination in employment,

Tuesday, April 16, 2019

Apex Investment Essay Example for Free

Apex Investment EssayAccessLines initial financing came in the form of strategical alliances. In 1989, McCaw cellular Communication invested in AccessLine, providing a considerable amount of their intial capital. This funding secured the strategic confederacy between AccessLine and McCaw Cellular. This launched further alliances between AccessLine and other phone come with carriers, in which AccessLine granted them an exclusive prerogative in the market for a set fee. The carriers were permitted to market AccessLines service under their own company name.AccessLine also developed partnerships with equipment manufacturers such as Stratus Computer and Motorola, also providing them with a franchise in exchange for funding. However AccessLines growth prompted the need for larger investments. Thus, in 1994, AccessLine diversified their financing to victor equity investors. Providing funding worth $15. 5 million, AccessLines CFO Bill Stuart, and Morgan Stanleys Bill Brady punish the transaction, involving the private placement from five investors. Such a strategy was chosen due to AccessLines deprivation of capital in the initial stages of AccessLines establishment.AccessLine was not lacking in management or engine room and thus was not in need of a venture capitalist in its early stages to conquer the company or provide the company with expertise or administration. Private investors, such as McCaw Cellular Communications, were more appropriate for AccessLine in that they provided the necessary funding without coercing AccessLine to forsake control of the company. McCaw also provided both business and investments. AccessLines lack of roll in the hay from mergers and acquisitions forced them to eventually turn to venture capitalists in 1994, a magazine when their strategy had changed.The venture capitalists could help in evaluating a target company through their experience in purchasing and selling businesses. The funds from Apex Investment Partners wou ld serve beneficially for AccessLine because of their vast knowledge and experience in the industry. George Middlemas and Rick Bolander, both of whom had joined Apex in the early 90s, had had previous experiences running(a) in the telecommunications industry and racked up an extensive list of contacts in the industry. Thus, Apex would eventually prove to be a profitable investment for AccessLine.

Monday, April 15, 2019

Early Childhood Education Essay Example for Free

Early clawishness Education EssayA Catholic Early electric razorhood Program endeavours to provide an environment and educational experience that is concerned with the schoolhouse of each child as a whole person, and which acknowledges his/her innate spirituality. It seeks also to foster a spectral awareness through meaningful everyday life experiences. This religious education experience endeavours to complement and run that which is offered through the home environment. Early Childhood Education lays the foundation for further schooling and provides the initial port wine between home and school in a childs life. Recognising parents as the first educators of their children, first childhood education seeks to build upon home attainment. In establishing curriculums for young children it is important to remember that Catholic schooling is intention every(prenominal)y directed to the holistic development of students from within, assisting them to become fully integrated h uman persons. Our Early Childhood Program leave behind provide an environment and educational experience which acknowledges the innate spirituality of every child, fosters the childs ability to wonder, experience awe,overcome difficulties, love others and reflect God, their Creator.The Program will ? Recognise that learning is a gift from God and the role of parents, as the first Educators of their children, is seen as vital. ? Recognise, value and build upon the childs prior knowledge. ? Understand the o Importance of developing problem solving and thinking strategies through play. o Structure through which young children experience their world.o Experiences necessary to give form to the childs world which are expressed symbolicallythrough language, numbers, representations, movement, models and metaphor. ? Listen to children and their families, respecting their values, cultures, experiences and provide opportunities which support learning. ? Closely observe, eviscerate and recor d the childrens efforts and achievements by monitoring progress and planning experiences which build on their knowledge, understandings, skills, attitudes and values. ? Facilitate a challenging environment which motivates and enriches learning and gives the child the opportunity to experienceo Independence and guidance o Free choice and direction o Incidental moments and planned activities o Child initiated and teacher navigated o Individual and group work o Free inquiry and explicit teaching The aims of our Early Childhood Education Program are to encourage children to ? Develop a positive self image. ? Love learning and value their individual learning styles. ? Be responsible for their learning. ? Respect their own knowledge, background and culture. ? Take risks, last out and be self-paced with their learning.?Know, understand and use their personality, talents, personal ways of being creative. ? Learn through problem found play activities by doing and being actively involved. ? Learn through adults and others who scaffold their endeavours. ? Respect, value and accept all people. ? Experience the joy in the mystery and wonder of the universe. ? Feel valued and safe. PRE KINDY PROGRAM Pre Kindy is an educational program for children aged three years.The program is play based and provides children with meaningful experiences that promote the development of spiritual, social,emotional, language, intellectual, creative and carnal skills. These sessions focus on the childs unique stage of development and the understanding that all children neuter in their individual development.The teachers will create a caring, safe and stimulating environment that will suffer the childs disposition to wonder, explore and construct meaning about the world. KINDERGARTEN Our Kindergarten Program aims to provide a relaxed, secure environment where children can develop at a pace appropriate to their uniqueness.Our Kindergarten Program will focus on all areas of human developmen t spiritual, emotional, physical, social, creative and intellectual with activities designed to assist your child to experiment and explore in ways that foster learning in an informal and fun way. PRE-PRIMARY sum total Infant Jesus School offers five full days of Pre-Primary experience from the beginning of the year. A close working relationship between Pre-Kindy, Kindergarten, Pre-Primary and Primary staff and students facilitates a smooth transition to Year One.

Home of Mercy Essay Example for Free

plaza of Mercy Essay mansion of Mercy Home of Mercy is a praise written by Gwen Harwood during modern era Australia. It depicts the lifestyle of a select few group of sunk girls, who own been impregnated and exiled to live with the nuns throughout the course of their pregnancy, in promise of ex one(a)ration. It deals with the confronting issue of the loss youthful honor is a wrong decision made in your teenage years really enough to have the rest of your social life destroyed? Gwen Harwoods poem raises the problem of teenage pregnancy. Pregnancy in juveniles was something that shamed an entire family. With very few options, the young women were forced to live with the Catholic nuns in hope that god will show mercy upon them. The text was clearly written with a clear concord of the feelings of the exiled women and the obvious suppression undergone by these girls. To some extent, Home of Mercy loses some of its power in a modern context because of teenage pregnancies becoming more and more accepted.I deal Gwen Harwood wrote her poem to non only outline the problem of unplanned pregnancy, but for the onlooker to have a different recognition on this topic. Most people would look at them as the ruined girls, but I think Harwood is trying to make the reader feel compassion and sympathy for these underappreciated girls. She implies that they live very acerb lives, and touches on the notion that they arent mature physically (or mentally) when she refers to them as having ripening bodies. In my opinion, Gwen is blatantly telling the reader that they should see both sides of this argument and not to jump to conclusions about them. The mood of Home of Mercy is one of its fundamental tools in persuasion. It contains a very strong emotion of suppression and domination, with a strong specify of a lifeless and depressing overtone. A main emotion is the strict and forceful routine implement by the Catholic Church. The opening sentence By deuce and two already suggests that they are standing(a) in regimented lines.The next line at the neat margin of the convent grass re-instates the sharp, tense lines symbolically representing their sharp, tense lives. The girls are shown as being ultimately dominated They kneel, their intolerable weekday rigour. , they will rinse. They have no say an old nun who silences their talking, and are forced to do simply what the nuns tell them or face life-long solitude. Home of Mercy is structured like a conventional Petrarchan sonnet (abba rhyming scheme), with a few minor flaws in the flow (line 1 and 4 have 11 syllables, and line 6 has 12).A strange aspect of the poem is the use of language. The poem is about a group of girls being treated like the scum of the Earth, yet there arent many ruby or hateful words at all. Most of the meaning is put through symbolic references and metaphors. The around hateful words are sin and brutish, which are only used toward the end of the poem for effect. ocular imager y is also strong in Harwoods poem. The opening line By two and two already forgets the reader the impression that the girls are under strict control. angels will wrestle them with brutish sinew is metaphorically saying that even the sacred angels wont be by their side that everyone is against them. Home of Mercy has iambic pentameter, with 10 syllables per line in most. A good example of Gwen using sounds to give effect to the poem is They smooth with roughened hands, the soft sounds of smooth in contrast of the harsh sounds of roughened have almost an onomatopoeic effect. Also, the line faces of mischievous children in distress contains sibilance of the s sound. Home of Mercy

Saturday, April 13, 2019

The Role of Information Security Policy Essay Example for Free

The Role of Information protective covering Policy EssayThe framework for an institutions study hostage measures program is composed of policies and their various(prenominal) standards and procedures. This article volition examine the relationship between policies, standards, and procedures and the roles they play in an organizations information certification program. In addition, the roles that of individuals inside and outside of the organization with respect to the humankind of form _or_ system of government and standards will be discussed. Finally, how an organization can meet information security need at from each one aim of security and how this relates to the information security insurance (ISP) content. Information security measures Policy (ISP)DefinitionPolicies form the foundation of everything an organization is and does. Likewise, an ISP is the beginning of a comp boths information security program. A policy is a high-level plan on how an organization i ntends to respond to certain issues. An ISP plants the tone of the organizations information security program and establishes the will and intent of the company in all information security matters. The ISP also defines how the company will frustrate its employees. Policies must support an organizations objectives and promote the organizations success. Policies must never be illegal and must be defensible in a court of law. Policies must be support and administered fairly and consistently throughout the organization (Whitman Mattford, 2010). The practiseing paragraphs list some tips for developing and implementing an ISP.A egest PurposeIt is essential that an ISP have a evanescely defined purpose. Specific objective should guide the creation of the ISP and the purpose should articulate exactly what the policy is to accomplish (McConnell, 2002).McConnell (2002) further notes that, If you cannot explain why the policy exists, you cannot take c be your employees to understand it or come after it (p. 2).Employee InputIn developing policies, it is a good idea to suck in the input of the employees to which the policy will apply. Ideally, in that respect should be at least one representative from each department. Allowing various employees give input to the policy, will help to ensure that nothing is overlooked and that the policy is easily understood (McConnell, 2002).Security Awargonness and Training ProgramIn addition to gaining the employees acknowledgement of the ISP at their orientation, the ISP should be part of the security awareness and training program. Ongoing awareness training can heighten on various security policies (McConnell, 2002). It is important to keep the awareness of information security matters fresh in the minds of the employees to avoid complacent behaviors that may lead to serious violations.EnforcementEnforcement is critical to the success of any policy policies that are not enforced are soon ignored. McConnell (2002) notes, A policy that you are unable or noncompliant to enforce is useless (p. 2). If a policy is unenforceable, it should be removed or revised to the point where it is enforceable. not only must a policy be enforceable, it must be enforced from the top down. When managers set the example, the rest of the staff are more carely to keep company (McConnell, 2002).StandardsWhile policy sets the general plan or intent of the organization in regards to information security, standards define the specific elements required to comply with policy. For example, an bankable usage policy may prohibit employees from visiting inappropriate websites the standard defines what websites are considered inappropriate (Whitman Mattford, 2010). Standards may be developed in house, but the common preferred way is to utilize already constituted industry standards that can and so be tailored to theorganizations specific take.ProceduresProcedures are the in stages actions necessary to comply with the policy . Procedures are driven by standards that are governed by policy (Whitman Mattford, 2010). Most policy violations may be traced back to either a willful or negligent failure to follow procedures.RolesSenior ManagementSenior management initiates the need for policy creation it is their intent and purpose that the policy is created to communicate. Senior management is the final authority and gives the final approval for the policy.Information Security Officer (ISO)The ISO is fundamentally the policies champion overseeing all aspects of the ISP and the agent reporting to senior management. The ISO creates a governance committee that works unneurotic to develop and update policy. The ISO oversees organizational compliance with security policies (California Office of Information Security and Privacy Protection, 2008).IT roundThe information technology (IT) staff is responsible for installing and maintaining the technical controls to ensure users are compliant with the security policie s. For example, the IT staff may install software that blocks get to to prohibited websites. The IT staff also conducts monitoring of employee performance on the company mesh topology.ManagersMangers, as already stated, must lead by example. When managers do not follow and enforce policies, it communicates to the employees that policies are not important and that following them is optional. A body will always follow its head likewise a department will always follow the example of its managers.End UsersThe fair end user is perhaps the greatest security asset and the greatest security threat clear security policies and proper security awareness training are the deciding factors. People should be make aware of commonsecurity threats such as social engineering attacks and the importance of safeguarding their password information. They should be trained to understand exactly what the organization expects form them in regards to information security (Whitman Mattford, 2010).External Agents in that respect may be times when outside people may need to have access to an organizations network such vendors, consultants, and temporary employees. Such people should be required to sign an acknowledgement form agreeing to stand up by all security policies, standards, and procedures.Security LevelsThe Bulls-eye ModelThe bulls-eye model is a way of tailoring the ISP to the needs of the organization at various security levels. The four levels of the bulls-eye are policies, networks, systems, and applications (Whitman Mattford, 2010). Whitman and Mattford (2010) state, In this model, issues are addressed by moving from the general to the specific, always starting with policy (p. 120).PolicyAN information security policy, as already discussed, sets the foundation for an organizations information security program (Ungerman, 2005). While all policies are high-level, there are different levels that a policy may address. The enterprise information security policy (EISP) is the overall policy that encompasses all other information security policies within the organization. Issue specific security policies (ISSP) fanny specific issues and contain more low-level elements than the EISP. An example of an ISSP is an acceptable use policy (SUP). Finally, there are system specific security policies (SysSP). A SysSP is so low-levelthat it may appear more like a procedure than a policy. A SysSP through either managerial guidance or technical specifications defines system-specific controls postulate to conform to an ISSP. An example of an SysSP would be the implementation of website filtering software to enforce the companys AUP (Whitman Mattford, 2010).NetworkNetwork-level security is about securing the network and as such is heavilyfocused on controlling access through user authentication. EISP may define who may access the network in addition to how and why. An ISSP may then specify what type of authentication and access control models may be used. SysSPs can then command technical specifications, such as software requiring a periodic password change, to facilitate compliance with the ISSP (Whitman Mattford, 2010). governanceSystem-level security is concerned with securing the actual system components of the network such as the computers, printers, and servers. Examples of ISSPs at the system level are AUP, password policies, and policies prohibiting the installation of unapproved hardware and software by end users (Whitman Mattford, 2010).ApplicationApplication-level security deals with any type of application form out-of the-box software like MS Office to enterprise resource planners (ERP) like SAP. Policy considerations here would be controlling user access and application update policy. Policy controls who has access to which applications and to which features (Whitman Mattford, 2010).ConclusionReferencesCalifornia Office of Information Security and Privacy Protection. (2008, April). Guide for the Role and Responsibilities of an Information Security Officer Within State Government. Retrieved from http//www.cio.ca.gov/ois/government/documents/pdf/iso_roles_respon_guide.pdf McConnell, K. D. (2002). How to Develop Good Security Policies and Tips on Assessment and Enforcement. Retrieved from http//www.giac.org/ story/gsec/1811/develop-good-security-policies-tips-assessment-enforcement/102142 Ungerman, M. (2005). Creating and Enforcing an Effective Information Security Policy. Retrieved from http//www.isaca.org/Journal/Past-Issues/2005/Volume-6/Documents/jopdf-0506-creating-enforcing.pdf Whitman, M., Mattford, H. (2010). Management of Information Security (3rd ed.). Mason, OH Cengage Learning. Retrived from The University of Phoenix eBook Collection database.

Thursday, April 11, 2019

Nike vs Adidas Essay Example for Free

Nike vs Adidas probeMy area of study for this disgorge would be more on comparing the performances for Nike and Adidas for the past 5 socio-economic classs. In this fuddle I would explain the performance such as process in profits, revenues, trade share, the connection employers and employees, size of the market share, steps for increasing the social performance, products performance, dividends per share, assets and the follow investment. Nike and Adidas and hurl been the top two booster cable gas companies in the sport diligence over the past few decades. These two companies dish out and run wide range of products for the customers and their products passported is mainly on sports wear for men and women and caters to consumers from different age groups. Their products consist on clothing such as jerseys, shirts, t-shirts, shorts and pants. These companies likewise provide the customers varieties of footwear such as sports shoes, day-to-day shoes, boots, sandals and stockings. Besides that, fashion accessories are also offered from these three companies such as bags, watch, bracelets, wallets and purse.And lastly they also offer a wide range of sport gears for their customers. Nike and Adidas have also been the top sponsors in the sport industry. Sponsoring their products is primal for the companies to draw off brand recognition, building their brand image and to promote their latest products. Nike and Adidas have been sponsoring equipments, clothing and accessories for athletes and coaches in sport tournaments and events. For instance, these three companies sponsor their products for football, soccer, basketball, baseball and many more. These companies also include slogan and axiom for their partnership.Nikes motto is Just Do It which is the signature of the brand which makes their products and the corporation recognizable to consumers. As for Adidas, their reliable motto is Impossible is Nothing which serves as an encouragement to athletes for their sports. Origins and History of Nike and Adidas Nike, originally known as Blue thread Sports was founded by University of Oregeon hybridise athlete Philip Knight and his coach Bill Bowerman in January 1964. The company initially operated as a distributor for Japanese shoe maker Onitsuka Tiger, making most sales at track meets egress of Knights automobile.The companys profits grew quickly, and in 1966, Blue Ribbon Sports opened its first retail store, located on Pico Boulevard in Santa Monica, California. By 1971, the relationship between Blue Ribbon Sports and Onitsuka Tiger was nearing an end. BRS prepared to unveiling its own line of footwear, which would bear the newly designed Swoosh by Carolyn Davidson. The Swoosh was first utilize by Nike in June 1971, and was registered with the U. S. Patent and Trademark Office on January 22, 1974. Adidas was founded in 1948 by Adolf Adi Dassler, following the take apart of Gebruder Dassler Schuhfabrik between him and his older br a nonher(prenominal), Rudolf.Rudolf would later establish Puma, which was the early rival of Adidas. Registered in 1949, Adidas is currently based in Herzogenaurach, Germany. The companys clothing and shoe designs typically feature three parallel bars, and the same motif is incorporated into Adidass current official logo. The Three Stripes were bought from the Finnish sport company Karhu Sports in the 1950s. Objective The objective of the project is to measure and analyse the marketing strategies of the top two sport fashion companies which are Nike and Adidas.So this project would be mainly conducted to resolute the similarities and differences of the two sport companies marketing strategies. Besides that, this project will compare on the performance of Nike and Adidas which include the companys growth in revenues, profits or pelf income, dividends per share, size of company in the market, performances of employees, steps for increasing the social responsibility per formance, products performance, stock performance and the company performances in investment. Problem StatementFirstly, the sport industry is becoming ever more competitive, with new brands competing for a share of consumers for the products in the market. Building a relationship with customers is a challenge facing for Nike and Adidas. This is because the companies need to be followed up with new trends and styles in the industry for their customers in order for them to build their products brand and image. Secondly, there was a case happened in China where a local Chinese domestic sports goods manufacturer company called Li Ning opened 6917 stores in mainland China by December 31,2008 aking it 1241 more than the socio-economic class of 2007.During the course 2008, Li Ning has print its financial report which states that imputable to the Beijing Olympic Games, the company made tally revenues of CNY 669(million) a socio-economic class on- year-increase of 53. 8% compared to the year 2007. Not only that, Li Ning made an overall entry into the market of southeasterly Asia. Now they have stores in Singapore, Malaysia, Indonesia and other Southeast Asia countries. This became a problem for Nike and Adidas where the two international giants describe recession in their performance in China.According to the financial report of Adidas, the companys meshwork profit fall by 95% to 130 million in the first half of the year. As for the sales revenue, it decreased by 2% to 5. 03 billion. As for Nike numbers of distributors were reduced in the year 2008 due with the bad performance. Thirdly, the problem that attracted me to do this project is because I would like to know why Nike had low growth in revenue in the year of 2009. Nike had only increased 3% of its revenue to $ 19176. (million), with net income locomote 21% to $ 1486. 7(million). As for Adidas, they also had the same problem. But the problem for Adidas was worst compared to Nike because at the year of 2009, the company net income is 10381(million) which decreased compared to the year 2008 which is 10799(million). These two companies had their difficulties is the year of 2009. So I would eager to find out about the problems they faced during that year. Significance of StudyThe importance of doing this project would be very important to other parties and companies. In this case, subaltern and medium green light (SME) would get the advantages and benefits because they would know how the well-favoredger companies such as Nike and Adidas operates their businesses, how they sell their products and services to their customers, what kind of marketing strategies they use, how the companies measure their performances and the most important suit is how Nike and Adidas continues to become a extended market player in the sports industry.As part of that, this project will comp bristle mainly of small to medium-sized companies to engage in a diversity of activities which includes manufa cturing of sport goods, sport tourism, media, and construction of venues. For example, small and medium enterprise (SME) in Malaysia can take the opportunity to get involved with sport products, services, sponsorships, hosting up international sport tournaments and events.And not to forget, the involvement of (SME) would also helps our country in the tourism sector because many athletes and participants will get to travel and visit our country and this will relatively build the countries economic performances. Corporate social responsibilities (CSR) also play a role for every sport companies in responsibility to act in a way that positively contributes to their stakeholders and the communities in which they exist.In this case, it is increasingly important for the social and economic issues such as rapid technological change, a diverse and aging population, environmental changes and mounting concerns regarding the countrys growth social divide have resulted in focusing on the respon sibility of firms to the communities in which they operate. (Margolis Walsh 2003 Sagawa Segal 2000) Justification The actor I chose this topic is because the project is interesting as sports is an important part of todays society and plays a larger role in many peoples lives.From a social standpoint, sport plays a positive role in uniting people from different social backgrounds. This can aid peoples understanding and tolerance of each other. As far as education is concerned, sport is an important part of every childs schooling, as it plays a big role in both their physical and mental development. It teaches children how to work as a part of a team and cooperate with others, while at the same time improving physical condition. The second reason I chose sports industry because this industry is growing rapidly in Malaysia.There are continuous demands from customers, sports athletes, and models for these sport products. The Malaysian sport industry is considered as a young industry comprising of small and medium-sized businesses. The Malaysian sports industry comprises of companies engaging in a diversity of activities, from the manufacturing of sport goods, sport tourism, media, to the construction of sport facilities. The third why I chose these two companies is because Nike and Adidas has been the biggest market share player in the sports industry.Nike controls 31% of acrobatic sportswear which is the highest market share compared to other sport companies in the year 2007. As for Adidas, they control the second highest share of athletic sportswear which is 16% of the market in 2007. As for other companies Puma controls 7%, Reebok 6%, mod Balance 6%, and Converse 4%. Expected Outcomes The expected outcome which I can solve is Nike would have the better performance for this year 2010 because their net income/profit for the past few years have been stable. Ever since the year of 2006, Nikes net income/profit stands at $ 1392. (million).As for the year 2007, it increased to $ 1491. 5(million). At the year 2008, Nikes net income/profit increased with huge and outstanding amount of $ 1883. 4(million). But by the year of 2009, their company had a decreased in their net income/profit which is $ 1486. 7(million). As for Adidas, the company would not have a better performance compared to Nike because in the year 2009, their net income was only 245(million). Their net income decreased with a huge margin compared to the year 2008 which is 642(million). So the key impact from the financial statement of year 2009.The net income of Adidas reduced more than 60% in 2009. But Nike was capable of stabilizing the results with a shaver reduction of only 20% in 2009. As for the performance of dividend development, Nike has shown increases in its number. For the year 2006, Nikes dividends tell per common share stands at $ 0. 59. Their company dividend increased to $ 0. 98 in the year 2009. But as for Adidas, they showed a decline from the year 2006 t o 2009. In the year 2006, Adidas dividends declared per common share stands at 0. 42. sequence in the year 2009, Adidas dividends declared per common share felt to 0. 5.As for the expected outcome for the year 2010, Nike would be expected to increase their dividends successfully because their dividend declared per common share has been rising steadily. As for the companys asset assessment, I can expect that Nike would do better in the assets performance in the year 2010 because their total assets have been increasing from the year 2006-2009. The total of assets that Nike had in the year 2006 was $ 9,869(million), in the year of 2007, Nikes assets increased to $ 10,688. 3(million). Last year, Nike had a total of assets of $ 13,250(million).This shows that Nikes assets have been increasing and it is expected to rise in the year 2010. As for Adidas, their companys total asset is not stable from the year shown in 2006-2009. In 2006, Adidas totals assets stands at 8379(million). It d ecreased on the following year to 8325(million). As for the year 2008, their total assets were increased to 9533(million). As for 2009, their total assets decreased to a total of 8875(million). Ever since Adidas total of assets is not stable, I can expect that Nike would do better in the assets performance.Referenceshttp//condor.depaul.edu/aalmaney/StrategicAnalysisofNike.htmhttp//www.lotsofessays.com/viewpaper/1693768.htmlhttp//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nike,_Inchttp//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adidashttp//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reebok

Wednesday, April 10, 2019

Using comics to increase writing achievement Essay Example for Free

victimization funnys to increase piece of music achievement EssayAbstractThis paper leave focus on a Classroom bodily process Research Project performed at an elementary school with a base of seven 5th alum English as a Second Language pupils. The project involved using cartoon shady strips to both motivate ESL students to write and also to see if a non-traditional approach to teaching musical composition will increase the students typography achievement. Popular newspaper amusive strips were intention to motivate students and they were infallible to find out it and then answer a set of open- give the axeed questions. Statement of Intent galore(postnominal) students watch the ability to be advantageful writers. The ESL students struggle to write, still when they set closely move they seem to write better. many an(prenominal) ESL students argon unmotivated close paternity because of language, lack of background experience, or the topic is non regular(a) or interesting. The more the students write the better they will become at it. If ESL students can get motivated to write, they will write more and thus become better writers.Popular newspaper comic strips were used to motivate the 5th commit ESL students to write. Students read popular newspaper comic strips and then answered open-ended questions. here are the questions that will be answered at the end of this ClassroomAction Research Project1)Can ESL students get motivated to write?2)Will a non-traditional approach to pen motivate 5th grade students to write? 3)Could the use of comic strips in writing help increase writing achievement in 5th grade ESL students?Rationale for ResearchResearch into the process of writing has shown it to be a very complicated business solving process requiring the writer to constantly monitor their progress towards a specific goal. Students that become goodish writers experience intrinsic as well as extrinsic rewards, but face problems with moti vation on the mood. Writing requires the individual to pay attention to motivational conditions. The following is a list of the four clusters of conditions that are keys to developing writing motivation1)Nurturing functional beliefs about writing.2)Fostering engagement using authentic writing tasks.3)Providing a swearive context for writing.4)Creating a positive emotional environment.The teachers views, beliefs, conceptions, and misconceptions are very big in determining the right conditions in most writing contexts. Research is needed to better realize the process of motivation as it relates to writing.Children start writing at an early age by scribbling. The writing process continues from there and proceeds at different paces depending on the child. As writing develops children start forming letters, address and soon sentences. They begin to shift away from list-like writing and localized control (e.g., linking to vocabulary used inthe previous sentence, repeating familiar s yntactic frames) toward a more goal-directed, strategic approach ( Berninger, Fuller, Whitaker, 1996). Their writing has more topical and the- matic coherence (e.g., F disappoint et al., 1990), as purpose, planning, and revising play an increasing role. A growing metacognitive capacitance gives them the potential to shift from a knowledge-telling to a knowledge-transforming approach ( Bereiter Scardamalia, 1987) and to use information about audience, genre, and rhetorical situation to accomplish a variety of writing purposes ( Berninger et al., 1996). Highly motivated capable writers that can adapt their writing to changes in audience and topic can only achieve the developmental writing process depict above. They can use writing as a means of communication with others. They write the equivalent way they would talk with another people, stress free and with control.In a 1997 National Center for educational activity Statistics writing assessment shows that 80% of eleventh grade students can write clear and focus responses and less that angiotensin-converting enzyme third can write clearly enough to show sufficient information to support their claims. 2 % of students can write proficiently enough to show effective responses that have enough information to support details and discussion.Teachers are failing to develop positive beliefs and motivation about writing. Comic strips can be used to motivate and inspire students. For sensationness thing, comics can take away the number one get that students have about writing today finding nearlything to write about. Most of the times when you leave it up to the students to write about something, they never know what to write. Every teacher has heard the same thing. I presumet know what to write about. Introducing and discussing comic strips is a great way to motivate and stimulate students about writing. Many students already know the cites from comic strips and this makes the experience less stressful and fun. It also provides the students with kid friendly language and the relationship between the pictures and text makes it perfect forlower aim readers. All these facts put in concert makes it possible for comic strips to provide the level of motivation and interest that will help students stay focused about writing and this will in the long run improve their writing skills.MethodologyThe canvas was jazzd with a group of seven 5th grade ESL students for a period of three months one half hour a week. Starting in the ascendent of September and ending at the end of November. This group of ESL students is composed of fluent English speakers that are limited English readers and writers.At the beginning of the study, the students read a short story about ants and then answered an open-ended question. The students were then told to draw a happy, straight, or sad face depending on their level of frustration and/or stress. This was used as the pretest.At the beginning of the study studen ts were introduced and exposed to newspaper comic strips. They read, discussed, and drew them. Students were exposed to a variety of lessons on the writing process and were required to do one comic strip writing prompt a week. include in every writing prompt is smiling, straight, or sad face that is drawn by the student in the upper right communicate corner of the paper to show their motivation level.A disc of the students motivational level was kept to measure fluctuation patterns according to the cartoon character used that week.Research AnalysisAt the beginning of the study the students were told that they would be taking part in a study that would require them to write. Many of them immediately showed signs of stress and much complaining followed. We met once a week for half an hour and they were introduced to a comic strip anddiscussions followed. The students then had two days to complete the prompt on their own, including a drawing of a face on the upper right hand corner t o show how they felt about it before it was collected. The prompts that were used are from the Comic-Strip Writing Prompts book by Karen Kellaher (2001).During the initial pretest three students drew smiling faces, three drew straight faces and one drew a sad face. Although it seems that the percentage of students that felt good versus the percentage of students that had no emotion at all is the same their reactions during the writing would tell a different story. The students all seemed stressed and bothered with the writing.Most of the students answered the question during the pretest, but all are lacking creativity and emotion to their writing. All the answers came straight from the story. No opinions, personal connections, or point of views were part of anybodys writing.There were only five students remaining in the group during the stopping point week of the study. One moved and the other one tested out of the ESL program and was no interminable available to meet. In the fina l writing prompt all students drew happy faces. They did seem to be more excited about the writing than in the beginning. This may be due to the social rewards as well as the stress free environment due to the fact that no grades went along with their writing assignments. The following chart shows the before and after motivation and writing results for each student in the groupMotivation BeforeMotivation AfterWriting BeforeWriting After Dayannara V.Below BasicBelow basicJose V.Below BasicBelow BasicJeffrey R.ProficientProficientMaria C.BasicBelow BasicJacqueline A.ProficientBelow Basic* The map above shows the beginning and end results of the study.Comprehensive Conclusions and ReflectionsThe study increased the overall motivation of the group, but it did not increase writing achievement and in-fact lowered the writing achievement of two students. The contributing factors associated with the lack of success of this study are as follows1)Time frame The group met for half an hour on ce a week. This was not enough time to effectively influence the writing achievement of these students. Using Comics to Increase 102)Reading level The reading level of these students was not significantly high enough for them to be able to read the comic strip and control it. Even if they could have understood the comic strip, the prompt questions were too hard to for them to understand.3)Background knowledge A student who is asked to write about ice hockey or fishing that has experience it premiere hand or has been exposed to it will definitely be able to write about it better. Many of the urban kids are asked to write about things that they know absolutely nothing about.A good precedent is the time the Reading School District had a district wide writing assessment about snow. The students had to write about a snowy day. Many ESL students had never seen snow.4)Cant get the joke This one is the most important when it comes to comic strips. Most of the students could eventually read what the comic said, but they could not understand the jokes. A good example of this was the comic strip where Garfield says Cats have just surpassed dogs as the countrys favorite pets Odie the Dog comes hopping by and then Garfield says Somehow the victory would have been more satisfying had the argument been stiffer. The students had no idea what this meant and could not understand it without some explanation.5) Vocabulary The students dont have a sufficient vocabulary to understand comic strips. Although comic strips are written at a lower reading level, some of the vocabulary words that are used are hard for ESL students to understand and some extensive explanations had to be done before they could start writing. Example Had the competition been stiffer.In closing, the ESL students need a lot of help. They of course need to write as much as possible, but if we work on increasing their reading level and expose them to as many cultural experiences as possible then we can r eally begin on making them great writers. If the study was to be done again it is suggested that the group meet daily and that there be vocabulary development lessons done to supplement the comic strip writing activities.ReferencesYale University. Retrieved December 11, 2006, from www.yale.edu Web sitehttp//www.yale.edu/ynhti/curriculum/units/1980/80.04.02.x.xhtmlTom Janz, T (2006). Newspapers in Education Middle School Writing. Litsite Alaska, Retrieved December 11. 2006, from http//litsite.alaska.edu/workbooks/midnewswrite.htmlNorth Carolina State Board of Education, (2006). Making the Grade Writing by The Grades. ncpublicschools.org, Retrieved 2006, from http//www.ncpublicschools.org/student_promotion/mtg/fall01.htmlBrunin, R (2000). Developing Motivation to Write . The Questia online library, 35, Retrieved December 11, 2006, from http//www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=ose=gglscd=94798356Kellaher, K (2001). Comic-Strip Writing-Prompts. New York, N.Y. Scholastic.Parsons, J (1993). Usin g Comic Books To Teach.. ERIC, Retrieved December 11, 2006, fromhttp//eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/Home.portal?_nfpb=true_pageLabel=RecordDetailsERICExtSearch_SearchValue_0=ED363892ERICExtSearch_SearchType_0=eric_accnoobjectId=0900000b8012cb2aCohn , N (June 2006). Comixpedia. Retrieved December 11, 2006, from www.comixpedia.com Web site http//www.comixpedia.com/comic_theory_101_seeing_rhymes

Monday, April 8, 2019

A Christmas Carol Essay Example for Free

A Christmas Carol EssayExplore how Dickens emphasises the enormousness of children and family relationships in A Christmas Carol In the new A Christmas Carol the atmosphere I detect from the book shows me that dickens cares deeply ab come on children. There are many aspects of when Charles Dickens emphasises the importance of children and family in A Christmas Carol. There are A lot of scenes that show this the first cratchit scene (pages 37-42) which is the main unity, belle and her family (pages 29-30) and crank living at his school and his sister coming backbone (pages 21-23). First I will babble out about the cratchit scene.It shows the cratchits celebrating Christmas. Dickens says, Heres Martha mother , this helps to create an atmosphere of warmth and love. It works because of the explanation mark, it makes it seem that all in all the children are overjoyed about playing the joke on Mrs Cratchet. On the scene with the goose, Dickens uses the parlance, linguistic u niversal admiration, to describe how the family feel about the goose. It shows that even though they sustainnt got a real turkey they dont take anything for granted. The phrase implies that the whole universe admires it but in reality its just an average goose.The quote bobbers voice was tremulous when he told them this and trembled more, Tiny Tim is growing strong and hearty, is very ironic because Tiny Tim wasnt growing strong and hearty, this shows that Bob was always trying to look on the brightside of things, his main priority was to keep the family happy. The family mean the world to apiece other and they are trying to make it a Christmas to remember. After they had eaten the goose Mrs Cratchet was ready to give out the pudding, she was terrified it wouldnt be acceptable, Suppose it should not be nifty enough,Suppose it break turning out. Mrs Cratchet was going by every bad possibility, she was so nervous. Although it was a little small it never crept into any of the fami lys head that on that point wasnt enough. When Bob Cratchet told her that it was the biggest triumpth since there marriage she replied, Now the weight is off my mind, She was delighted that it was a success In the scene with Scrooge living at school and his sister coming back Dickens shows how your childishness can be so outstanding. Scrooge sat down upon a form, and wept to see his poor bury self as he used to be. Scrooge was a very mean man and I feel that it was soley to do with his child hood, he wasnt short of luxurys but he was very lonely and he needed family. Scrooge obviously wasnt always a mean and a spiteful person, because whilst he is comprehend all of his past he is experiencing a lot of feelings of how he used to be and what he had sullen into. Scrooge has now realised what he has become, this is all because of his childhood. He said, There was a boy relation A Christmas Carol at my door last night, I should like to of givien him something.Scrooges childhood wa s so important for him because if his childhood had been different in anyway, for example getting attention from his parents or feeling loved, he could of deport been a totally different man. Before the ghost had shown Scrooge his chidhood or peoples familys he would not have given that Carol singer a second thought. In the scene with Belle and her family Dicken emphasises the importance of children and family by expressing how niggard wants to be one of them. Scrooge said what would I not have given to be one of them As a child scrooge was not allowed to have the fun and lafter that the children in this scene had, he was very enveous of the children, he wished he could of grown up in this family. He also said I should have dearly liked, i own,to have touched her lips or to have let loose waves of hair, i do confess to have the lightest license of a child. He so longed for frivolous childhood. To conclude I think that Dickens makes his readers aware of the importance of children and family by showing how Scrooge changes after seeing his and consequently other peoples childhood.The Cratchets show how they are so close and all pull together in good or bad times. The scene with Scrooge living at school and his sister coming back helps Scrooge realise what he had become as a result of his upbringing. The scene with Belle and her family show how a lot Scrooge envied a fun and happy childhood, to able to lark about and have games in a relaxed atmosphere. I feel that Dickens was a keen admirer of children and it was fitting how Tiny Tim ended the novel by sayin god bless us everyone

Sunday, April 7, 2019

The Us-Versus-Them Mentality In 2008’s Presidential Campaign Essay Example for Free

The Us-Versus-Them Mentality In 2008s Presidential Campaign EssayThe graphic novel, Maus, by stratagem Spiegelman, tells the story of a Polish Jews memories of his experience during the Holocaust. Drawn as mice, the Jews have faced a variety of psychological warfare, including xenophobia, scapegoating, dehumanization, and us-vs. -them dichotomy where the terrible up to nowts of the Holocaust were justified. The Holocaust was virtuoso of the most terrible events in human history, and decades later, scholars from numerous branches of academia still strive to downstairsstand such a dark diachronic event. Unfortunately, aspects leading up to the Holocaust still exist in the world today.While few genuine issues compare in magnitude to that of the Holocaust, such activities such as xenophobia, scapegoating, dehumanization, and divisive, dichotomous thought pervade populations everywhere. Although such negative sentiments al slipway threaten negative results, in the US in the ye ar 2008, one major historical movement and event occurred that promises a possible relief from such a divisive past. This historic movement and event is Barack Obamas campaign, in which an African the Statesn ran for President of the United States and was the victor, becoming the firstly ever African American president of the country.But the campaign was not free of strife. This paper argues that sequence dichotomous, us vs. them elements in the year 2008s presidential campaign were not systematic anyy acted out as they were in the Holocaust, there existed similar instances of that learning ability during the campaign timeframe. In the past decade, partisanship has set two major groups of Americans at odds with each early(a) in the form of Democrat vs. Republicans. However, this past presidential campaign, or even in the past decade, the fever pitch of us vs. them has not escaped many great deal, and Democrat or Republican began to be expressed in layers of differences.Chuck Raasch of USAToday reports that Americans fought a terrible well-bred war on all three fronts. A century later, Northerners saw Southerners as oppressors during struggles over genteel rights, and Southerners viewed Northerners as meddlers. Even the Inside the Beltway label continues a deeply rooted, us-versus-them mentality of the nations capital. Despite the elevation of a black man and a light woman to the Democratic and Republican presidential tickets, respectively, the election of 2008 has vie often to those divides.In her article Unleashed, Palin Makes a Pit Bull mind Tame, Dana Milbank of the Washington Post describes the herds response, who were waving thunder sticks and shouting abuse. Others hurled obscenities at a camera crew. One Palin supporter shouted a racial epithet at an African American sound man for a cyberspace and told him, Sit down, boy (p. A03). While divisive expressions such as these seem far away from the Holocaust, one must consider Peter Suedfelds words regarding the genesis of anti-Semitism in the time in the first place the HolocaustSherif et al. (1961/1988) demonstrated how leaders, by framing situations in terms of intergroup contestation, can produce hostility and vulturous behaviour between component groups. We can see the workings of an ingrained us-vs-them mentality in data-based minimal groups (Tajfel et al. , 1971), which are composed in a completely arbitrary way and whose members never even meet each other (3). This explanation could very well describe the actions of leaders in political parties as well as group behaviors in response to leaders.Sarah Palin could be seen to frame situations such that intergroup competition occurs, as it does in the Republican furor over the Democrate presidential candidate. Partisanship was not the only array of us-versus-them behavior during the past year. Dedication to ones country came into question in which the concepts of American versus anti-American were introduced. Acc ording to Bob Lonsberry in his article Whats Wrong With a Marxist? , a individual who is American is one who sees two irreconcilable extremes between Karl Marx and John Locke, and if a person takes into regard the belles-lettres of Karl Marx, then he or she is anti-American. If an American is to be truly American, they must adopt similar ways of presupposeing in which Marxism, communist, and other similar ontological principles must be absolutely shunned because they repudiate everything America stands for. These sentiments before the Holocaust were similar. In place of anti-Americans were the Jews. Andre Minaeu writes To the Nazis, all things seriously afflicting Germany and the Aryan slipstream were ultimately Jewish or Jewish-inspired. In this sense, the Jewish people were the quintessential enemy of Nazi totalitarianism.The latter elevated Jewry, so to speak, to the rank of an evil ontological principle against which struggle was to be universal (17). In this sense, anti-Ame ricans are philosophically against everything Americans stand for and should be beaten politically, while Jews represented everything the Nazis stood for, which caused them to become an evil philosophical principle. No other dichotomy is more apparent in both Holocaust and the 2008 presidential campaign than ethnicity. The question of raceand ones ethnicitybecame a large factor due to the mixed-race heritage of Barack Obama.Historically, part of Obamas ethnicity had been under the awful yoke of slavery and then the struggle of civil rights. One can see this in the words of Martin Luther King, jr. I have a dream that one day, down in Alabama petty(a) black boys and black girls will be able to join hands with little white boys and white girls as sisters and brothers (60). The question of Jewsishnessboth an ethnicity as well as a belief systemwas guinea pig of life and death for six million people during World War II. Historically, Jews have also been slaves, and their ethnicity and devotion have played a large role in their struggles in past centuries.Paul Johnson explains this in his take for The History of the Jews by quoting Dietrich Bonhoeffer, an ex-prisoner of the Nazis We have learned to see the great events of world history from below, from the purview of those who are excluded, under suspicion, ill-treated, powerless, oppressed, and scorned, in short those who suffer (2). It is not a subtle expression in either of these two statements that the writers and speakers felt that their world was divided in groups, and they were the them in the phrase us-versus-them. While the us-versus-them mentality might seem as if it would haunt human interaction for all time, there have eternally been historical figures who have sought to overcome the divisiveness by seeking common ground. Perhaps the most storied of those is Abraham Lincoln, who spoke these words A house divided against itself cannot stand. I believe this government cannot endure permanently hal f slave and half free. I do not want the Union to be fade out I do not expect the house to fall but I do expect it will cease to be divided (Lincoln). Martin Luther King, Jr.is another figure who sought to overcome shabbiness and inequality through nonviolent means. Current scholars are improving and applying techniques for nonviolent conflict resolution (Suedfeld 2006, p. 7). In regards to the Holocaust, there are many studies about the tragedy in many areas of study, from psychology to politics to sociology, as evidenced by the books The Making of the Holocaust Ideology and Ethics in the Systems Perspective by Andre Mineau and Canadian Psychology addressing Holocaust reverberations fifty years later. Lastly, the end of the 2008 campaign year drew to a close, and Barack Obama has been elective President.While he emerged from one of the two major political parties in the US, his own sentiments in his book The Audacity of Hope strive for a bipartisan rather than a divided appro ach perchance theres no escaping our great political divide, an endless clash of armies, and any attempts to alter the rules of strife are futile. Or maybe the trivialization of politics has reached a point of no return, so that most people see it as just one more diversion, a sport We paint our faces red or blue and cheer our side and boo their side But I dont think so.They are out there those ordinary citizens who have grown up in the midst of all the political and cultural battles, but who have found a way to make peace with their neighbors, and themselves (pp. 50-51). emphasis stemmed from rabid divisiveness is what made the Holocaust so terrible. Therefore, any attempts to heal the us-versus-them mentality would have to be the opposite peaceful actions that strive to bring humans together. Fortunately, if one could take lessons from Mahatma Ghandhi, Martin Luther King, Jr., Abraham Lincoln, and Barack Obama, then the possibility that inharmonic sentiments in the human popul ace may never take seed.WORKS CITEDJohnson, Paul. A History of the Jews. HarperPerennial (1988). King, Jr. , Martin Luther. The Dream. Speech. Lincoln Memorial, Washington, DC. 28 August 1963. Lincoln, Abraham. House Divided Speech. Speech. Springfield, Illinois, June 16, 1858. Milbank, Dana. Unleashed, Palin Makes a Pit Bull Look Tame. Washington Post. October 7, 2008 A03. Minaeu, Andre. The Making of the Holocaust Ideology and Ethics in the Systems Perspective. Amsterdam Atlanta, Georgea Rodopi, 1999.